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Pocket battleship
The pocket battleships (panzerschiff, or "armoured ship" in German, also known as Deutschland-class) were a class of light-weight battleships built by Germany in accordance with restrictions imposed by the Treaty of Versailles. The three ships in the class were
launched between 1931 and 1934.
The principal feature of the pocket battleship design was that they carried guns large enough (11" calibre) to outgun any enemy ship fast enough to catch them, while being fast enough to outrun an enemy powerful enough to cause damage. The same basic design philosophy had led to a generation of ships just prior to World War I known as the battlecruiser. In practice the fleet commanders forced them to operate along with the larger dreadnaughts[?], and they suffered stiffly.
The Germans were dedicated to not making the same mistake twice, and used the panzerschiff purely as commerce-raiders on the high seas. This would make them very difficult to bring to task, as they could generally avoid any fight they didn't like. Speed is not enough to save a ship from a bad commander however, and three much less capable Royal Navy ships were able to damage the Graf Spee beyond repair during the Battle of the River Plate. Just as in World War I, the ships then spent the vast majority of their time at anchor.
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