List of food additives
The numbers below are internationally assigned by the Codex Alimentarius[?] Committee to different food additives for use on labels, to allow each additive to be uniquely identified.
In the European Community, approved food additives are written with a prefix of 'E'.
Australia and New Zealand have their own set of approved additives, which are not written with a prefix letter.
In the table below, food additives approved for Europe are listed with an E, and those approved for Australia and New Zealand with an A.
Number Approv.
Names
Type 100 A E turmeric, curcumin[?] colour 101 A E riboflavin, vitamin B2 colour 102 A E tartrazine[?] colour (yellow) 103 A alkanet colour (red) 104 A E Quinoline yellow colour 107 E Yellow 2G[?] colour 110 A E Sunset yellow FCF[?] colour 120 A E cochineal, carmines colour (red) 121 Citrus red 2[?] colour 122 A E azorubine[?], carmoisine[?] colour 123 A E amaranth colour (red) 124 A E Brilliant Scarlet 4R[?], Ponceau 4R[?] colour 125 Ponceau SX[?] colour 127 A E erythrosine[?] colour 128 E Red 2G[?] colour 129 A E Allura red AC[?] colour 131 E Patent blue V[?] colour 132 A E indigo carmine, indigotine colour 133 A E Brilliant blue FCF[?] colour 140 A E chlorophylls colour 141 A E copper chlorophylls colour 142 E Green S[?] colour 143 E Fast green FCF[?] colour 150a A E caramel I - plain colour 150b A E caramel II - caustic[?] sulphite process colour 150c A E caramel III - ammonia process colour 150d A E caramel IV - ammonia sulphite[?] process colour 151 A E Brilliant Black BN[?] colour 153 A E vegetable carbon[?], carbon black[?] colour 154 E Brown FK[?] colour 155 A E Chocolate Brown HT[?] colour 160a A E carotenes colour 160b A E annatto[?], bixin[?], norbixin[?] colour 160c E paprika extract, capsanthin[?] colour 160d E lycopene colour 160e A E beta-apo-8'-carotenal[?] colour 160f A E beta-apo-8'-carotenic acid ester[?] colour 161a A flavoxanthin[?] colour 161b A E lutein[?] colour 161c A kryptoxanthin[?] colour 161d A rubixanthin[?] colour 161e A violoxanthin[?] colour 161f A rhodoxanthin[?] colour 161g A E canthaxanthin[?] colour 162 A E beet red[?] colour 163 E anthocyanins[?] colour 170 E calcium carbonates colour, anticaking agent, stabiliser 171 E titanium dioxide colour 172 E iron oxides[?] and hydroxides colour 173 E aluminium colour 174 E silver colour 175 E gold colour 180 E litholrubine[?], latolrubine[?] colour 181 E tannins colour, emulsifier, stabiliser, thickener 182 orchil[?] colour 200 E sorbic acid[?] preservative 201 sodium sorbate[?] preservative 202 E potassium sorbate[?] preservative 203 E calcium sorbate[?] preservative 209 heptyl p-hydroxybenzoate[?] preservative 210 E benzoic acid preservative 211 A E sodium benzoate[?] preservative 212 A E potassium benzoate[?] preservative 213 A E calcium benzoate[?] preservative 214 E ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate[?] preservative 215 E sodium ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate[?] preservative 216 A E propylparaben[?] preservative 217 E propyl sodium ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate[?] preservative 218 A E methylparaben[?] preservative 219 E sodium methyl p-hydroxybenzoate[?] preservative 220 A E sulphur dioxide preservative, antioxidant 221 A E sodium sulphite[?] preservative, antioxidant 222 A E sodium hydrogen sulphite[?] preservative, antioxidant 223 A E sodium metabisulphite[?] preservative, antioxidant, bleaching agent 224 A E potassium metabisulphite[?] preservative, antioxidant 225 A potassium sulphite[?] preservative, antioxidant 226 E calcium sulphite[?] preservative, antioxidant 227 E calcium bisulphite[?] preservative, antioxidant 228 A E potassium bisulphite[?] preservative, antioxidant 230 E biphenyl[?], diphenyl[?] preservative 231 E orthophenyl phenol[?], 2-hydroxybiphenyl[?] preservative 232 E sodium orthophenyl phenol[?] preservative 233 thiabendazole[?] preservative 234 A E nisin[?] preservative 235 A E pimaricin[?], natamycin[?] preservative 236 formic acid preservative 237 sodium formate[?] preservative 238 calcium formate[?] preservative 239 E hexamethylene tetramine[?], hexamine[?] preservative 240 formaldehyde preservative 241 gum guaicum[?] preservative 242 A E dimethyl dicarbonate[?] preservative 249 A E potassium nitrite[?] preservative, colour fixative 250 A E sodium nitrite[?] preservative, colour fixative 251 A E sodium nitrate preservative, colour fixative 252 A potassium nitrate preservative, colour fixative 260 A E glacial acetic acid preservative, acidity regulator 261 A E potassium acetates[?] preservative, acidity regulator 262 A E sodium acetates[?] preservative, acidity regulator 263 A E calcium acetate[?] preservative, acidity regulator 264 A ammmonium acetate[?] preservative, acidity regulator 265 dehydroacetic acid[?] preservative 266 sodium dehydroacetate[?] preservative 270 A E lactic acid acidity regulator 280 A E propionic acid[?] preservative 281 A E sodium propionate[?] preservative 282 A E calcium propionate[?] preservative 283 A E potassium propionate[?] preservative 284 E boric acid preservative 285 E sodium tetraborate[?], borax preservative 290 A E carbon dioxide propellant 296 A E malic acid acidity regulator 297 A E fumaric acid[?] acidity regulator 300 A E ascorbic acid antioxidant (water soluble) 301 A E sodium ascorbate antioxidant (water soluble) 302 A E calcium ascorbate antioxidant (water soluble) 303 A potassium ascorbate antioxidant (water soluble) 304 A E ascorbyl palmitate, ascorbyl stearate antioxidant (fat soluble) 306 A E tocopherol concentrate antioxidant 307 A E dl-alpha-tocopherol[?] antioxidant 308 A E gamma-tocopherol[?] antioxidant 309 A E delta-tocopherol[?] antioxidant 310 A E propyl gallate[?] antioxidant 311 A E octyl gallate[?] antioxidant 312 A E dodecyl gallate[?] antioxidant 315 A E erythorbic acid[?] antioxidant 316 A E sodium erythorbate[?] antioxidant 319 A tert-butylhydroquinone[?] antioxidant 320 A E butylated hydroxyanisole[?], BHA antioxidant (fat soluble) 321 A E butylated hydroxytoluene[?], BHT antioxidant (fat soluble) 322 A E lecithins[?] antioxidant, emulsifier 325 A E sodium lactate[?] food acid 326 A E potassium lactate[?] food acid 327 A E calcium lactate[?] food acid 328 A ammonium lactate[?] food acid 329 A magnesium lactate[?] food acid 330 A E citric acid food acid 331 A E sodium citrates[?] food acid 332 A E potassium citrates[?] food acid 333 A E calcium citrate[?] food acid 334 A E tartaric acid food acid 335 A E sodium tartrates[?] food acid 336 A E potassium tartrates[?] food acid 337 A E potassium sodium tartrate[?] food acid 338 A E phosphoric acid food acid 339 A E sodium phosphates[?] mineral salt 340 A E potassium phosphates[?] mineral salt 341 A E calcium phosphates mineral salt 342 A ammonium phosphates[?] mineral salt 343 A E magnesium phosphates[?] mineral salt 349 A ammonium malate[?] food acid 350 A E sodium malates[?] food acid 351 A E potassium malate[?] food acid 352 A E calcium malates[?] food acid 353 A E metatartaric acid[?] food acid 354 A E calcium tartrate[?] food acid 355 A E adipic acid[?] food acid 356 E sodium adipate[?] food acid 357 A E potassium adipate[?] food acid 363 E succinic acid food acid 365 A sodium fumarate[?] food acid 366 A potassium fumarate[?] food acid 367 A calcium fumarate[?] food acid 368 A ammonium fumarate[?] food acid 370 1,4-heptonolactone[?] food acid 375 A niacin, (vitamin B3) colour retention agent 380 A E triammonium citrate[?] food acid 381 A ferric ammonium citrate[?] food acid 385 A E calcium disodium EDTA[?] preservative 400 A E alginic acid[?] thickener, vegetable gum 401 A E sodium alginate thickener, vegetable gum 402 A E potassium alginate[?] thickener, vegetable gum 403 A E ammonium alginate[?] thickener, vegetable gum 404 A E calcium alginate[?] thickener, vegetable gum 405 A E propylene gloycol alginate[?] thickener, vegetable gum 406 A E agar thickener, vegetable gum 407 A E carrageenan thickener, vegetable gum 407a A E processed eucheuma[?] seaweed thickener, vegetable gum 409 A arabinogalactan[?] thickener, vegetable gum 410 A E locust bean gum[?] thickener, vegetable gum 412 A E guar gum thickener, vegetable gum 413 A E tragacanth[?] thickener, vegetable gum 414 A E acacia, gum arabic[?] thickener, vegetable gum 415 A E xanthan gum[?] thickener, vegetable gum 416 A E karaya gum[?] thickener, vegetable gum 417 E tara gum[?] thickener, vegetable gum 418 A E gellan gum[?] thickener, vegetable gum 420 A E sorbitol humectant 421 A E mannitol[?] humectant 422 A E glycerin humectant 425 E konjac[?] thickener, vegetable gum 431 E polyoxyethylene (40) stearate[?] emulsifier 432 E polysorbate 20[?] emulsifier 433 A E polysorbate 80[?] emulsifier 434 E polysorbate 40[?] emulsifier 435 A E polysorbate 60[?] emulsifier 436 A E polysorbate 65[?] emulsifier 440 A E pectin vegetable gum 441 A E gelatine (not classified as an additive) gelling agent[?] 442 A E ammonium phosphatides[?] emulsifier 444 A E sucrose acetate isobutyrate[?] emulsifier, stabiliser 445 E glycerol esters of wood rosin[?] emulsifier 450 A E diphosphates[?] mineral salt 451 A E triphosphates[?] mineral salt 452 A E polyphosphates mineral salt 459 E beta-cyclodextrine[?] - 460 A E powdered cellulose anti-caking agent 461 A E methylcellulose[?] thickener, vegetable gum 463 E hydroxypropyl cellulose[?] thickener, vegetable gum 464 A E hydroxypropyl methylcellulose[?] thickener, vegetable gum 465 A E methyl ethyl cellulose[?] thickener, vegetable gum 466 A E sodium carboxymethylcellulose[?] thickener, vegetable gum 470 A magnesium stearate[?] emulsifier, stabiliser 470 E salts of fatty acids emulsifier, stabiliser 471 A E mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids emulsifier 472a A E acetic acid esters of 471 emulsifier 472b A E lactic acid esters of 471 emulsifier 472c A E citric acid esters of 471 emulsifier 472d A E tartaric acid esters of 471 emulsifier 472e A E diacetyltartaric acid esters of 471 emulsifier 472f E mixed acetic and tartaric acid esters of 471 emulsifier 473 A E sucrose esters of fatty acids[?] emulsifier 474 E sucroglycerides[?] emulsifier 475 A E polyglycerol esters of fatty acids[?] emulsifier 476 A E polyglycerol polyricinoleate[?] emulsifier 477 A E propylene glycol esters of fatty acids[?] emulsifier 479b E thermally oxidised soya bean oil[?] emulsifier 480 A dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate[?] emulsifier 481 A E sodium stearoyl lactylate[?] emulsifier 482 A E calcium stearoyl lactylate[?] emulsifier 483 E stearyl tartarate[?] emulsifier 491 A E sorbitan monostearate[?] emulsifier 492 A E sorbitan tristearate[?] emulsifier 493 sorbitan monolaurate[?] emulsifier 494 E sorbitan monooleate[?] emulsifier 495 E sorbitan monopalmitate[?] emulsifier 500 A E sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate mineral salt 501 A E potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate mineral salt 503 A E ammonium carbonate[?], ammonium bicarbonate[?] mineral salt 504 A E magnesium carbonate[?] anti-caking agent, mineral salt 507 A E hydrochloric acid acidity regulator 508 A E potassium chloride mineral salt 509 A E calcium chloride[?] mineral salt 510 A ammonium chloride[?] mineral salt 511 A E magnesium chloride[?] mineral salt 512 A E stannous chloride[?] colour retention agent 513 E sulphuric acid acidity regulator 514 A E sodium sulphate[?] mineral salt 515 A E potassium sulphate[?] mineral salt 516 A E calcium sulphate flour treatment agent, mineral salt 517 E ammonium sulphate[?] mineral salt 518 A magneisum sulphate[?] mineral salt 519 A cupric sulphate[?] mineral salt 520 E aluminium sulphate[?] mineral salt 521 E aluminium sodium sulphate[?] mineral salt 522 E aluminium potassium sulphate[?] mineral salt 523 E aluminium ammonium sulphate[?] mineral salt 524 E sodium hydroxide mineral salt 525 E potassium hydroxide mineral salt 526 A E calcium hydroxide[?] mineral salt 527 E ammonium hydroxide[?] mineral salt 528 E magnesium hydroxide mineral salt 529 A E calcium oxide mineral salt 530 E magnesium oxide anti-caking agent 535 A E sodium ferrocyanide[?] anti-caking agent 536 A E potassium ferrocyanide anti-caking agent 538 E calcium ferrocyanide[?] anti-caking agent 540 dicalcium diphosphate[?] anti-caking agent 541 A E sodium aluminium phosphate[?] acidity regulator, emulsifier 542 A bone phosphate[?] anti-caking agent 544 calcium polyphosphates[?] anti-caking agent 545 ammonium polyphosphates[?] anti-caking agent 551 A E silicon dioxide anti-caking agent 552 A E calcium silicate[?] anti-caking agent 553a E magnesium silicate[?] anti-caking agent 553b A E talc anti-caking agent 554 A E sodium aluminium silicate[?] anti-caking agent 555 E potassium aluminium silicate[?] anti-caking agent 556 A E calcium aluminium silicate[?] anti-caking agent 558 A E bentonite anti-caking agent 559 A E kaolin, aluminium silicate[?] anti-caking agent 570 A E stearic acid[?] anti-caking agent 575 A E glucono-delta-lactone[?] acidity regulator 576 sodium gluconate[?] ? 577 A E potassium gluconate[?] stabiliser 578 A E calcium gluconate[?] acidity regulator 579 A E ferrous gluconate[?] colour retention agent 585 E ferrous lactate[?] - 620 A E glutamic acid flavour enhancer 621 A E monosodium glutamate, MSG flavour enhancer 622 A E monopotassium glutamate[?] flavour enhancer 623 A E calcium diglutamate[?] flavour enhancer 624 A E monoammonium glutamate[?] flavour enhancer 625 A E magnesium diglutamate[?] flavour enhancer 626 guanylic acid[?] flavour enhancer 627 A E disodium guanylate[?] flavour enhancer 628 E dipotassium guanylate[?] flavour enhancer 629 E calcium guanylate[?] flavour enhancer 630 E inosinic acid[?] flavour enhancer 631 A E disodium inosinate flavour enhancer 632 E dipotassium inosinate[?] flavour enhancer 633 E calcium inosinate[?] flavour enhancer 634 E calcium 5'-ribonucleotides[?] flavour enhancer 635 A E disodium 5'-ribonucleotides[?] flavour enhancer 636 A maltol[?] flavour enhancer 637 A ethyl maltol[?] flavour enhancer 640 A E glycine flavour enhancer 641 A leucine flavour enhancer 650 E zinc acetate[?] flavour enhancer 900 A E dimethylpolysiloxane[?] emulsifier, anti-caking agent 901 A E beeswax glazing agent 902 E candelilla wax[?] glazing agent 903 A E carnauba wax[?] glazing agent 904 A E shellac glazing agent 905 A E paraffins glazing agent 907 refined microcrystalline wax[?] glazing agent 912 E montanic acid esters[?] humectant 914 A E oxidised polyethylene wax[?] humectant 920 A E L-cysteine[?] flour treatment agent 924 potassium bromate[?] flour treatment agent 925 A chlorine flour treatment agent 926 A chlorine dioxide[?] flour treatment agent 927b E carbamide[?] flour treatment agent 928 A benzoyl peroxide[?] flour treatment agent 938 E argon propellant 939 E helium propellant 941 A E nitrogen propellant 942 A E nitrous oxide propellant 943a E butane propellant 943b E isobutane propellant 950 A E acesulphame potassium[?] artificial sweetener 951 A E aspartame artificial sweetener 952 A E cyclamic acid[?], cyclamates artificial sweetener 953 A E isomalt[?] humectant 954 A E saccharin[?] artificial sweetener 955 A sucralose artificial sweetener 956 A alitame[?] artificial sweetener 957 A E thaumatin[?] flavour enhancer, artificial sweetener 959 E neohesperidine DC[?] ? 965 A E maltitol[?] humectant, stabiliser 966 A E lactitol[?] humectant 967 A E xylitol humectant, stabiliser 999 E quillaia[?] extract humectant 1001 A choline salts and esters emulsifier 1100 A amylases flour treatment agent 1102 A glucose oxidase[?] antioxidant 1103 E invertase[?] ? 1104 A lipases[?] flavour enhancer 1105 A E lysozyme[?] preservative 1200 A E polydextrose[?] humectant 1201 A E polyvinylpyrrolidone[?] mineral salt 1202 A E polyvinylpolypyrrolidone[?] colour stabiliser 1400 A dextrin roasted starch[?] thickener, vegetable gum 1401 A acid treated starch[?] thickener, vegetable gum 1402 A alkaline treated starch[?] thickener, vegetable gum 1403 A bleached starch[?] thickener, vegetable gum 1404 A E oxidised starch[?] thickener, vegetable gum 1405 A enzyme treated starch[?] thickener, vegetable gum 1410 A E monostarch phosphate[?] thickener, vegetable gum 1412 A E distarch phosphate[?] thickener, vegetable gum 1413 A E phosphated distarch phosphate[?] thickener, vegetable gum 1414 A E acetylated distarch phosphate[?] thickener, vegetable gum 1420 A E acetylated starch[?] thickener, vegetable gum 1422 A E acetylated distarch adipate[?] thickener, vegetable gum 1440 A E hydroxypropyl starch[?] thickener, vegetable gum 1442 A E hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate[?] thickener, vegetable gum 1450 A E starch sodium octenylsuccinate[?] thickener, vegetable gum 1451 E acetylated oxidised starch[?] thickener, vegetable gum 1505 A E triethyl citrate[?] thickener, vegetable gum 1510 ethanol (not classified as an additive) alcohol 1518 A E triacetin[?] humectant 1520 A E propylene glycol humectant 1521 A polyethylene glycol 8000[?] antifoaming agent
Sources